What right was incorporated to the states as a result of Miranda v Arizona?

The correct answer is the right to remain silent, which was incorporated to the states through the ruling in Miranda v. Arizona. This landmark 1966 Supreme Court case established the requirement that individuals in police custody must be informed of their rights before being interrogated. Specifically, the Court held that the Fifth Amendment's protection against self-incrimination applies to state as well as federal prosecutions.

In the case, Ernesto Miranda was not informed of his right to remain silent or his right to an attorney during police questioning, which led to the confession used against him in court. The Court concluded that this omission violated his constitutional rights. As a result, the ruling not only affirmed Miranda's rights but also mandated that law enforcement agencies across the country follow the Miranda warning protocol to ensure that suspects are aware of their rights, including the right to remain silent. This incorporation emphasizes the importance of protecting individuals from coercive interrogation tactics.

The other options, while important rights under the Constitution, either do not pertain to this specific ruling or were already recognized before this case. The right to a fair trial and the right to free speech are established principles, while the right to bear arms relates to the Second Amendment and has a different legal context.