Which amendment abolished slavery in the United States?

The 13th Amendment is the pivotal piece of legislation that abolished slavery in the United States. Ratified in December 1865, this amendment states, "Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction." This established a legal framework eliminating the practice of slavery, which had been a foundational institution in many states prior to this amendment.

The other amendments listed, while significant in their own right, do not address the issue of slavery directly. The 14th Amendment primarily focuses on citizenship rights and equal protection under the law. The 15th Amendment deals with voting rights, prohibiting the denial of the right to vote based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude. Lastly, the 19th Amendment grants women the right to vote. Each of these amendments contributes to civil rights and liberties, but none directly abolish slavery as the 13th Amendment does.